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June 2015 Archives - AJNR News Digest

June 2015

Introduction

Human Papillomavirus–Associated Head & Neck Cancer

Guest Editor Ryan T. Fitzgerald

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is now recognized as the primary causative factor in a subgroup of epidemiologically and clinically distinct cancers of the head and neck, oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC).1,2 The rising incidence of OPSCC relative to squamous cell cancers elsewhere within the mucosal spaces of the head and neck is thought to … more »

Head & Neck

Using Texture Analysis to Determine Human Papillomavirus Status of Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinomas on CT

Osamu Sakai

Osamu Sakai

We are interested in investigating postprocessing techniques that could potentially be used as an adjuvant diagnostic aid in clinical practice. Recently, we have been exploring the use of image texture analysis to help quantify subtle changes in image patterns within a tumor volume to potentially predict diagnostic and prognostic features of the tumor.1

Image texture is defined … more »

Head & Neck

Fractional Change in Apparent Diffusion Coefficient as an Imaging Biomarker for Predicting Treatment Response in Head and Neck Cancer Treated with Chemoradiotherapy

Munetaka Matoba

Munetaka Matoba

Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) as definitive treatment has become a standard management option for many patients with head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), in order to improve the patient’s quality of life via organ preservation. However, the disease control achieved with CRT remains heterogeneous because the treatment responses and clinical outcomes may differ among patients whose clinical staging … more »

Head & Neck

Differences in Imaging Characteristics of HPV-Positive and HPV-Negative Oropharyngeal Cancers: A Blinded Matched-Pair Analysis

Lawrence Ginsberg

Lawrence E. Ginsberg

The topic was chosen because we are witnessing a tsunami of HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancers. As smoking-related head-and-neck malignancies wane (along with lung cancer), oropharyngeal cancer is on the upswing.

Earlier work in AJNR, also authored by my colleague Dr. Sarah Cantrell, focused on radiologic differences between HPV-positive and HPV-negative oropharyngeal cancers. However, in the several … more »

Head & Neck

CT Imaging Correlates of Genomic Expression for Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Jackson Hamilton

Imaging-genomic correlation is a hot area of research interest. Imaging biomarkers can be clinically useful for prognostic and therapeutic decisions in other tumors. We thought it would be worth exploring this concept in head and neck cancer. Oral cavity cancer was a natural choice, given that many are first treated by surgical resection. By … more »

Head & Neck

Improving Imaging Diagnosis of Persistent Nodal Metastases after Definitive Therapy for Oropharyngeal Carcinoma: Specific Signs for CT and Best Performance of Combined Criteria

Jackson Hamilton

With human papillomavirus infection reaching epidemic proportions, oropharyngeal cancers are expected to increase in a younger population than that historically afflicted with head and neck cancer. Because these tumors are most often treated nonsurgically, there is always a debate as to whether nodal dissection for posttreatment residual disease is necessary. Ideally, improvements in the … more »