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March-April 2018 Archives - AJNR News Digest

March-April 2018

Introduction

Machine Learning in Neuroimaging

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Daniel Chow

“Artificial intelligence,” “machine learning,” and “deep learning” are terms frequently used by the media as new technologies that will disrupt a variety of fields. These have included self-driving cars, mobile devices, and even the ancient Chinese game of Go, which has more than 2 x 10170 possible legal moves (more than there are … more »

Brain

Individual Detection of Patients with Parkinson Disease Using Support Vector Machine Analysis of Diffusion Tensor Imaging Data: Initial Results

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Sven Haller

I chose to research this topic because I am convinced that neurodegenerative disorders are associated with systematic structural and functional modifications in the brain; however, this might not be evident to the naked eye, particularly at early stages of Parkinson disease. Computer-aided pattern recognition approaches might detect such subtle abnormalities associated with neurodegenerative … more »

Brain

Identification of Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients with Cirrhosis Based on White Matter Imaging and Bayesian Data Mining

Edward Herskovits

We were initially approached about this topic when one of our research collaborators in China told us about this dataset, which included DTI and clinical assessments of 65 patients with cirrhosis. Our collaborators were wondering whether we could apply spatial data-mining techniques to determine connectivity differences between subgroups with minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) … more »

ADULT BRAIN

Differentiation of Enhancing Glioma and Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma by Texture-Based Machine Learning

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Paula Alcaide-Leon

When radiologists provide diagnoses, they use a combination of theoretic knowledge and pattern recognition based on their experience. Pattern recognition is a very complex process, subjective in nature and difficult to teach as it is based on previous exposure to similar cases. Enhancing gliomas and primary central nervous system lymphomas are the … more »

ADULT BRAIN

Computer-Extracted Texture Features to Distinguish Cerebral Radionecrosis from Recurrent Brain Tumors on Multiparametric MRI: A Feasibility Study

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Pallavi Tiwari

A significant dilemma in the management of patients with brain tumors is the differentiation of a suspicious lesion on a follow-up MRI scan as tumor recurrence or radiation necrosis.1 These 2 conditions mimic each other clinically and radiographically. Even for highly experienced radiologists, the accurate identification of suspicious lesions on posttreatment MRI … more »

ADULT BRAIN

A Multiparametric Model for Mapping Cellularity in Glioblastoma Using Radiographically Localized Biopsies

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Peter Chang

With current advances in MR technique, rich, high-resolution imaging datasets are now routinely acquired in clinical practice; however, much of this detailed information at the voxel level remains unused, even in research settings where there are many practical and logistic barriers to voxel-level radiographic-pathologic correlation. In this project, we wanted to solve many … more »