We chose to research this topic because CCSVI, from the first moment it was presented, has caused considerable controversy and debate in the medical literature as well as among the population of patients with MS. One of the main criticisms of CCSVI is the uncritical application of interventional procedures in the treatment of CCSVI-related abnormalities without established safety and efficacy outcomes. Furthermore, the origin of CCSVI-related venous anomalies has not been determined, nor has the optimal single imaging modality for showing those abnormalities. In our previous work we also showed that this venous pathology is not exclusive to patients with MS: healthy controls and patients with other neurological diseases can also present with these anomalies.
We believe that our findings can substantially influence the practice because there is a need for both standardized extracranial and transcranial echo-color Doppler training, which assesses morphologic and/or hemodynamic parameters—basically the form of the veins and the flow within them—in the detection of venous extra- and intracranial abnormalities, as well as a compelling need for multimodal imaging approach studies.